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SENSORS: NPN VS PNP

NPN VS PNP

In industrial sensors has been used for control applications. The sensors are divided into two types which are NPN and PNP. The NPN and PNP type of transistor that includes the most of the sensors.The principals are same as NPN and PNP transistor switching terms, also the differents are same but the working principals slightly differ. The difference is:-

PNP
The PNP sensors only switching the positive side of the circuits as the below picture. PNP 3- wire sensor circuit connection which is most of the industrial using it. The picture explaining that the sensor has 3-wire, the wire #1(positive supply wire) connected to the
(+ VDC), #2 wire connected to the LOAD, PLC input card, relays and the #3 wire connected to
(- COM). The working principal is when the sensor detected any objects the switch will turn to close the loop and the current flow into the PLC/LOAD as show the below picture.

NPN
The NPN sensors only switching the negative side of the circuits as the below picture. NPN 3- wire sensor circuit connection which is most of the industrial using it. The picture explaining that the sensor has 3-wire, the wire #1(negative supply wire) connected to the
(- COM), #2 wire connected to the LOAD, PLC input card, relays and the #3 wire connected to
(- VDC). The working principal is when the sensor detected any objects the switch will turn to close the loop and the current flow into the PLC/LOAD as show the below picture.

SMART ENERGY PROJECT USING PLC

SMART ENERGY SAVING CLASSROOM AND MONITORING SYSTEM USING PLC

In this modern world new gadgets are introduce for human daily usage and the key is electricity usage is one of important to human life for now days. According to statistic the amount of electricity usage are increasing cause of irresponsible users that don’t have awareness of the importance of electricity, with this kind of attitude the electricity consumption is high and need to paid more money to get it for daily usage, also giving problem cost for managing, conversing and distributing. In Malaysia, particularly all University having same problem to controlling the electrical consumption but still fail, cause of irresponsible students that especially at lecture hall and class rooms. Smart energy saving project help reduce electric efficiently. Before started this project have done case study, which student and lecture sometimes forget to turn OFF the air-conditioning, lamps and other electrical appliance before left out the hall the air-conditioning, lamps and other electrical appliance it wasting a lot of energy, not only reduce the electric but it also implemented for counting student attendance to the class and ease to lecture from time consuming and not burdening, it may help to identify which student always skip the class and reducing the manual method.  The smart energy system project done for fully automated the lighting system, air conditioning and others electric appliance that controlling by PLC system with software and hardware.

 Project Objective

This project basically to automated the electrical appliance which can automatically control the compliance. With this project it can reduce the electric energy efficiently and help for proper utilization, the existences energy saving not efficiently reducing and still have a lot of wasting energy. The objective and goals of this project is to produce solution for consuming electric energy with smart and more efficiently.

Overall Objective

Overall project objective is to automatically control the switching of light and air conditioning using PLC system, to create an attendance monitoring system for classroom and control the luminance of artificial light based on the amount of day light.

 Proposed approach and methods

Approach and methods of the project is to design a model using PLC lecture hall. In order to achieve the objective of the project, there are several method had been outlined. The project is split into two sections which are hardware development and software development. For the hardware section I have used the PLC which is Allen bradley L32 series, 32 bit DI/DO, HMI and 3 switch and 3 lights. Software section I have used RS Logix 5000 and Factory Talk View Studio for developing the PLC programs and HMI application files.

DTMF PROJECT

CELL PHONE CONTROL LIGHT ON AND OFF

Refering to every human modern life, always race alter time. Time is very important and priced. Mostly equipment that created at now is aimed to give facility and security to users.Is based on this case, we have created a project which actually result from innovation idea on present equipment. Project that named CELL PHONE CONTROLLING LIGHT ON & OFF this could help mankind to live comfortable and ensure security of the assets human. Project system this are controlled through mobile phone that operating only pressing pin code to ON and OFF the lights. By using our mobile phone can control light at every where in the earth.